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Dhammacakkapavattana Sutta : ウィキペディア英語版
Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta


The ''Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta'' (Pali; Sanskrit: ''Dharmacakra Pravartana Sūtra''; English: ''The Setting in Motion of the Wheel of Dharma'') is a Buddhist text that is considered to be a record of the first teaching given by the Buddha after he attained enlightenment. According to tradition, the Buddha gave this teaching in Sarnath, India, to the ''five ascetics'' (his former companions with whom he had spent six years practicing austerities). The main topic of this sutta is the Four Noble Truths, which are the central teachings of Buddhism that provide a unifying theme, or conceptual framework, for all of Buddhist thought. This sutta also introduces the Buddhist concepts of the Middle Way, impermanence, and dependent origination.
==Context and structure of the teaching==
The ''Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta'' is said to be the first teaching given by the Buddha after he attained enlightenment. It is taught that the Buddha attained enlightenment while sitting under the Bodhi tree by the river Neranjara, in Bodhgaya, India, and afterwards, he remained silent for forty-nine days. The Buddha then journeyed from Bodhgaya to Sarnath, a small town near the sacred city of Varanasi in central India. There he met his five former companions, the ascetics with whom he had shared six years of hardship. His former companions were at first suspicious of the Buddha, thinking he had given up his search for the truth when he renounced their ascetic ways. But upon seeing the radiance of the Buddha, they requested him to teach what he had learned. Thereupon the Buddha gave the teaching that was later recorded as the ''Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta'', which introduces the fundamental concepts of Buddhist thought, such as the Middle Way and the Four Noble Truths.

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